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Friday, September 15, 2017

op-amp with limited bandwidth



op-amp open loop transfer function: B(s)=Vo(s)Vx(s)=A1+swp, where wp is the first pole of op-amp and A is it's dc gain. Total charges at node x in sampling phase: qx=(C1+Cf)×Vi(s). Ideally, charges at node x cannot escape (no low impedance path exist); therefore, op-amp settles with respect to charge equilibrium at node x: qf+q1=qxCf(Vo(s)Vx(s))C1Vx(s)=(C1+Cf)×Vi(s) if β=CfC1+Cf, and given op-amp open loop transfer function (Eq. (2)): Vo(s)=B(s)1βB(s)Vi(s)H(s)=B(s)βB(s)1=A1+swp+βA=1β+1A11+swp(1+βA) where H(s) is the closed loop transfer function of the circuit. step response of H(s), Y(s) is given by: Y(s)=1β+1A(1s1s+wp(1+βA))y(t)=1β+1A(1ewp(1+βA)t) at the end of amplification period (t=Ts2), gain error is equal to: Gerr=1βy(t=Ts2)=1β1β+1A+1β+1Aewp(1+βA)2fs assumption 1- unity gain bandwidth of open loop op-am, fu, given A1: wu=wpA21Awpfu=Awp2π assumption 2- unity gain bandwidth of closed loop op-amp, fu given β+1Aβ: H(s)=1β2(1β+A)2+wuw2p=A2wu=Awp1β2fu=Awp1β22π for simplification, let's assume dc gain is relatively large; therefore, β+1Aβ: Gerr=1βeAβwp2fs for an N-bit pipeline, input refered gain error, Ginputerr=Gerr1β, should be better than quantization error: Ginputerr<2NAβwp2fs>Nln(2)fu>Nln(2)πβfs

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